Today in history

1835: Charles Darwin Arrives at the Galápagos – HMS Beagle anchored at the Galápagos Islands today. Over the next five weeks, young naturalist Charles Darwin collected geological and biological specimens—specifically mockingbirds and finches—that eventually laid the foundation for his theory of natural selection.

1916: The First Tank in History – The British Army deployed the Mark I tank into combat for the first time today at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette during the Somme offensive. Though mechanically unreliable and slow, the armored behemoths shattered German lines and changed modern warfare forever.

1963: The 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing – Four members of the Ku Klux Klan detonated a dynamite bomb beneath the steps of a Black church in Birmingham, Alabama today during Sunday morning services. The blast killed four young girls aged 11 to 14 and injured 22 others, triggering national outrage and accelerating civil rights legislation.

2008: The Collapse of Lehman Brothers – Investment banking giant Lehman Brothers filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection today with 639 billion dollars in assets and613 billion in debt. It remains the largest bankruptcy filing in U.S. history and marked the peak of the 2008 global financial crisis.

1958: The Newark Bay Train Disaster – A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train ran through an open drawbridge into Newark Bay today, plunging two locomotives and two passenger coaches into the water and drowning 48 people.

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