Today in history

1781 – End of the American Revolutionary War: British General Lord Cornwallis surrendered to combined American and French forces at Yorktown, Virginia, effectively ending major combat in the Revolutionary War.

1812 – Napoleon’s Retreat: Napoleon Bonaparte began his disastrous military retreat from Moscow after failing to secure a peace agreement.

1943 – Discovery of Streptomycin: Albert Schatz isolated streptomycin at Rutgers University, which became the first effective antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis.

1987 – "Black Monday": Stock markets around the world crashed, starting in Hong Kong and spreading across Europe and the Americas. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell by 22.6% in a single day.

2003 – Beatification of Mother Teresa: Pope John Paul II beatified Mother Teresa of Calcutta in St. Peter's Square for her decades of humanitarian work.

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